Japan’s refusal of belligerence is a key element of its constitution of 1947, in which the country explicitly revokes the right to wage war. On this basis, in the past the role of Japan's military was interpreted as purely defensive in nature. However, it has remained unclear whether Japan's Self-Defense Forces (SDF) were allowed to join efforts of collevtive security under United Nations guidance. The paper discusses this issue on two fields: Firstly, how can Japan contribute to achieving a global peace based on order ans justice? Secondly, and alternatively does Japan need to abandon the ideal of a peaceful world and, correspondingly, need to revise its constitution?
Japan hat in seiner Verfassung (JV) von 1947 dem Krieg (ius ad bellum) eine Absage erteilt. Der Schlußsatz des Artikels 9 JV erklärt: „Das Recht des Staates auf Kriegführung wird nicht anerkannt.“ Bislang wurden Japans sog. Selbstverteidigungsstreitkräfte (SVS) daher ausschließlich als Instrument zur Landesverteidigung verstanden. Umstritten war und bleibt, ob japanische SVS an Vollzugsmaßnahmen im Rahmen der kollektiven Sicherheit der Vereinten Nationen auch dann noch teilnehmen dürften, falls –wie u. a. der Artikel X des US-japanischen Sicherheitsbündnisses von 1952 (revidiert 1960 und alle zehn Jahre neu bestätigt) es vorsieht –das Sicherheitssystem der Vereinten Nationen einmal in Kraft treten sollte. Das Problem wurde und wird auf zwei Ebenen diskutiert. Erstens: Welchen Beitrag kann Japan leisten, um angesichts der Wirklichkeit der internationalen Ordnung zu einem auf Gerechtigkeit und Ordnung gegründeten internationalen Frieden zu kommen? Oder, zweitens: Muss Japan das in der Verfassung angestrebte Ideal einer Welt ohne Krieg aufgeben und folglich die Verfassung ändern?
7-5-56 Akasaka Minato-ku Tokyo, 107-0052 Japan
+03 6277-7551+03 3588-6035
office(at)fes-japan.org
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